【环保英语短文初中课文】关于“环保”的英语文章，初中的，700词左

How Much Nature Is Enough?

By Andrew C.Revkin

Even some ardent conservationists acknowledge that the diversity of life on Earth cannot be fully sustained as human populations expand? use more resources? nudge the climate and move weedlike pests and predators from place to place.

Given that some losses are inevitable? the debate among many experts has shifted to an uncomfortable subject? what level of loss is acceptable. The discussion is taking place at both the local and global levels? How small can a fragment of an ecosystem be and still function in all its richness? and thus be considered preserved? And as global biodiversity diminishes? is it a valid fallback strategy to bank organisms and genes in zoos? DNA banks or the like? or does this simply justify more habitat destruction? Is nature on ice a sufficient substitute for the real thing? Some conservation groups have strenuously avoided or even attacked such calculations and strategies. They say there is no safe diminution of habitat as long as human understanding of ecology is as sketchy as it is? a fallback strategy is unthinkable. Furthermore? banking nature in a deep freeze or database of gene sequences cannot capture context. For instance? even if a vanished bird was someday reconstituted from its genes? would it warble with the same fluency as its ancestors? On the other side of the debate? those considering what the smallest viable habitats are or how to expand archives as an insurance policy say that recent trends have proved that old conservation strategies are no longer sufficient. A few decades ago? the issue seemed fairly uncomplicated? identify biological “hot spots” or species of concern and establish as many reserves as possible. But the picture has grown murky.

Twenty?four years ago? Dr. Thomas E. Lovejoy and other biologists began a remarkable experiment on the fast?eroding fringe of rain forest near the Brazilian city of Manaus. They established 11 forest tracts? ranging from 2.5 to 250 acres? each surrounded by an isolating sea of pasture similar to what is advancing around most other tropical forests. Among the many findings? an analysis published last week on birds in the lower layers of greenery found that it would take a fragment measuring at least 2?500 acres—10 times as large as the biggest one in the experiment—to prevent a decline of 50 percent in those bird varieties in just 15 years or so.

In the understated language of science? the new study? in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences? concludes? “This is unfortunate when one considers that for some species?rich areas of the planet? a large proportion of remaining forest is in fragments smaller than 2?500 acres.”

In the face of this and other evidence? a growing group of conservation biologists say? try everything? at the same time. “Clearly? the most effective way to protect biodiversity is to protect natural areas?” said Dr. Peter H. Raven? the director of the Missouri Botanical Garden? “and to find those organisms most endangered in nature and somehow protect them in type?culture collections? botanical gardens? zoos? seed banks or whatever.” But most important? he said? is to find ways to limit human pressures on the world’s last wild places by slowing population growth and using resources more efficiently. One pioneer of genetic deconstruction? Dr. J. Craig Venter? agrees with Dr. Raven. Dr. Venter has moved from sequencing the DNA of humans and other species to assaying genes in entire ecosystems? most recently the waters of the ?Sargasso Sea. In five 50?gallon samples gathered in February? he said? his team had found 1 million distinct genes? quite a haul compared with the 26?000 or so of a human being. And that is the tiniest scratch in the surface? he added. His is one effort among many. Britain has a Millennium Seed Bank? a growing archive of all the country’s plants. The San Diego Zoo has its parallel Frozen Zoo? an archive of thousands of DNA samples and cell lines from a host of species. Nonetheless? given the overwhelming complexity of nature? Dr. Venter added? “we’re better off trying to preserve the diversity of what we have rather than trying to regenerate it in the future.”

环保的困境：自然要多大才足够?

连一些积极的自然资源保护论者都承认,随着人口的膨胀、消耗更多的自然资源、引起气候的变化,以及造成大量害虫和捕食动物的迁移等,地球上的生物多样性肯定不会完全地持续下去.

许多专家的争论焦点已经转到了一个令人不安的话题,假使一些损失是不可避免的,多大程度的损失是可以容忍的呢?关于这个问题的辩论在局部和全球范围两个层面上同时展开：生态系统的一小部分可以小到何种程度仍能维持其完整、丰富的功能,从而可以认为是受到了保护呢?在全球生物多样性减少的过程中,把生物有机体和基因保存在诸如动物园、基因库之类的地方是一种有效的保全策略吗?或者这样做仅仅为更多的(动、植物)栖息地的破坏提供了借口?冷藏的自然能够充分地代替真正的自然吗?一些自然资源保护组织一直极力避开甚至反对这样的推论和策略.他们说,只要人类对生态系统的认识还是一知半解的,那就不存在对栖息地的安全缩小；因此也就谈不上什么保险策略了.更何况,把自然生态深冻起来或者将其存入基因序列数据库并不能保存与其相关的背景.比如,就算一只灭绝的鸟儿某一天被人们从它的基因中重新组合出来,它的啁啾声能像其先辈们一样婉转动听吗?另一方面,寻求最小可行栖地的人们或试图扩大现有档案库作为一种保全策略的人们则说,最近的趋势已经表明,旧的保护策略不再够用了.几十年之前,问题似乎还不是那么复杂：只要确认出那些受到威胁的生态地区或者令人担忧的物种,然后建立尽可能多的保护区就是了.然而,目前这个状况已经变得模糊起来.

24年以前,托马斯•E•洛夫乔伊博士和其他一些生物学家在巴西马瑙斯市附近遭受快速侵蚀的热带雨林地区边缘开始了一项备受瞩目的实验.他们建立了11块森林试验区,面积大小从2.5英亩到250英亩不等,每一块都被一片分割开来的广袤草场包围起来,这些草场与正在向大多数其他热带雨林周边推进的草场相类似.在大量的调查结果中,上周出版的一篇关于生活在绿地较低层的鸟类的分析报告发现,至少需要一块2500英亩的森林区域——相当于实验中划出来的最大的一块试验区的10倍——才能防止那些鸟类的品种在仅仅15年左右的时间里减少50%.

《美国国家科学院学报》上新刊登的一篇专题研究论文用毫不夸张的科学语言总结道：“当你考虑到在地球上一些物种资源丰富的地区,留存下来的森林中一大部分是小于2500英亩的分散小块时,这是多么不幸.”

面对这些情况和其他证据,愈来愈多的自然资源保护生物学家说：应该同时尝试所有可行的办法.?美国 密苏里州植物园园长彼得•H•雷文博士说：“显然,最有效的保护生物多样性的方法是保护自然栖息地,同时,还要找出那些自然界中最为濒危的物种,用某种方法把它们保护起来,比如,把它们放入物种培育采集库、植物园、动物园、种子银行等诸如此类的地方.”他说,但最为重要的是通过减缓人口增长和更有效地利用资源找到减少人类对世界最后原始生态地区的压力的方法.遗传解构学的先驱之一,J•克雷格•文特尔博士同意这一看法.文特尔博士从对人类和其他物种的DNA基因排序的研究转到了对整个生态系统的基因分析,最近开始了对马尾藻海海水的研究.他说,他的小组在2月份(指2003年2月份——译者)收集的5份50加仑的样本中发现了上百万种不同的基因类型,这与人类个体具有的约26000种基因相比实在是太多了.他补充说,这不过才触及到皮毛而已.他所做的只是许多努力中的一部分.英国有一个“千禧年种子银行”.它不断扩大,收藏了该国所有植物.(美国)圣地亚哥动物园有一座与其相应的“冷藏动物园”,其中保存了许多物种的数千个DNA样本和细胞株的资料.即使如此,考虑到自然界极为复杂,文特尔博士补充说：“如果我们尽力保护好现存生物的多样性,而不是试图在将来去重新创造它,我们才更明智.”

互助这道作业题的同学还参与了下面的作业题

题1： 求一篇关于保护环境的英语文章80词左右[英语科目]

In modern society,we tend to become more and more aware of our living environment or physical environment,because we is not clean as before.So many people now choose their house as to its environment but not its location and expenses to afford it.As we all know,the environment pollution is more and more serious during these years,what we could do is to make great efforts in protecting environment gradually.As to government pollution,as to common people.We also try to protect it and make it remain clean.Although we have managed to protect the environment to a certain extent.It is still a very long way to go.

中文大意：）在现代社会,我们越来越趋向于关注,我们的生活环境和自然环境,因为我们已认识到我们周围的环境已不像以前那么干净了,现在许多人买房看的是它的环境而不是它的位置地点及负担费用.众所周知,这些年环境污染越来越严重,我们所能做的是尽全力保护环境,作为政府,已分布了一些法律禁止环境污染,而作为普通的人们,则是尽力保护它,让它保持清洁.虽然我们已无法去保护环境,而环境已破坏到了一定程度,但是还是有一段长的路要走.

题2： 【求英语关于环境保护的作文,150词左右】[英语科目]

Environment protection has fast become an extrmely serious challenge to our government since the open door policy was implemented some thirty years ago.

Our country's economic growth over the last two decades has undoubtedly changed our nation in various ways,other than the facts that:the concept of peoples' thinking has thoroughly changed (洗心革面).their way of life has also made a thoroughgoing transformation (脱胎换骨),however,these two changes perhaps wouldn't harm your physical health and they have no direct effect on the populations of other nations.

What everyone of ous ,wherever one lives,is gravely concerned about is the increasingly polluted environment; the knock-on effect on our air quality,our rivers,and numerous other things has adversely affected our life.

How to get a perfect balance between economic growth and protecting our environment has put our government into a dilemma from which they haven't quite managed to extricate.

Our government could,to a certain extent,control and improve the environment.This had been shown around the time of the Beijing Olympic Games.But it takes two to tango,therefore the people have to do their part:by not polluting our rivers,chopping down our trees,and by not using their cars unnecessarily etc.,

I urge our people and government to take action,before it is too late,to protect the environment if only for the sake our children and the successive generations.

题3： 初中低碳环保英文作文,六十词左右!急![英语科目]

Some people believe that economic development should never be at the cost of the environment.They think the present serious environmental problems are largely caused by rapid?economic development.For example,land resources are shrinking because of the industrial development and the expansion of cities.Deserts are spreading because of over grazing,poor fanning,tree cutting,and strip mining.Our air and water supplies are being polluted by poisonous gassesand waste products.It is important,therefore,that we should take another look at the way in which our industries and cities are developing.

However,other people think it unnecessary to consider environmental problems now and our first priority should always be given to economic development.They believe that environmental problems are inevitable and unavoidable in the process of economic development.They are only the by products of economic development,which can be dealt with later when we have the time and money.

I think the second idea is completelywrong.Our ultimate aim in economic development is to provide a comfortable and happy life for our people.What is the point of economic development if we achieve it at the cost of our environment?There has been much evidence to prove that a balance between the two helps more rapid and continuous development.

题4： 初二英语作文：关于保护环境的,60-80词初二英语作文：城市里作文越来越多,交通越来越拥挤,空气越来越坏,所以建议大家遵守交通规则,最好骑自行车上学或上班,为一个更美更干净的城市做[英语科目]

Now the traffic in the city is more and more heavy.The air is worse than before.Since we are a memeber of the city ,we should prevent the pollution.We had better go to school on foot instead of by bus.When the summer comes,we had better turn on the fan.Leaving rubbish here and there will keep the air worse,so that we should leave them into the bin.

In brief,each of us should protect the environment

题5： 【求：初三英语作文怎样保护环境（一百词左右）最好是自己写的,通顺易懂.】[英语科目]

Our environment is getting worse and worse now.People throw their garbage here and there.Factories make more and more dirty water that has polluted the rivers and lakes.It is high time to protect our environment.What should we do?

We must find ways to stop pollution.Waste water must be cleaned before it is poured into the river.People shouldn't throw away rubbish here and there.We should pick up the garbage around us.We'd better plant more trees.

I'm sure if we take care of our environment,our world will be more beautiful.